Masih satu
Siapa menyusul?
:)
We could speeding the timer by pre-loading TCNT0 with a value between 0 and 255, so TCNT0’ll start count at our own value instead of zero.
We have to pre-load the TCNT0 at the init subroutine, and pre-load again after flag is set, so we write the command at the timer subroutine.
So, our code now will look like this
.include "../tn13Adef.inc"
.def a=r16
.org 0000
rjmp init
.org 0003
rjmp timer
init:
sbi ddrb,0 ; pin b0 output
ldi a,0b00000101 ; prescaler 1024
out TCCR0B,a
ldi a,0b00000010 ; enable OVF
out TIMSK0,a
ldi a, 64 ; preload TCNT0
out TCNT0,a
sei ; enable interrupts globally
main:
rjmp main
timer:
sbi pinb,0 ; flip pin B0 bit
ldi a,64 ; preload again
out TCNT0,a
reti
Using interrupt, we have a subroutine that regularly called, automatically.
It called when overflow flag (OVF) is set.
As always, the timer/counter (TCNT0 register) counts up from zero toward 255, called an interrupt and rolls over back to zero and starts counts up again.
We could set the output at the interrupt subroutine so we eventually have nothing to do at the main program.
main: rjmp main
Clear Timer on Compare (CTC) as its name suggests, will clear the flag if counter has same value with compare value.
Thus, TCNT0 still count fram zero to 255, but if we set OCR0A on 64, timer will clear the flag at 64, restart counter to zero and count up again.
If we set OCR0A to 255, then it’ll behave like normal timer in 'Normal’ Mode.
If OCR0A value’s lower, then the delay time is faster/shorter.
Here's the code. OCF0A is compare flag, the bit-3 on TIFR0 register.
Notice that we have to set TCCR0A register to enable CTC mode; in Normal mode we don’t have to do that.
Our timer is static, it have to wait TCNT0 to count from 0 to 255 and then start over.
We could modify it so it count from x to 255 to make it count faster
so we need to pre-set/pre-load TCNT0 to some value
ldi a, 200 out TCNT0,a With that, we could make the delay time faster. Set the TCNT0 to lower value for longer delay
Chip’s Internal Timer in ’Normal' mode will count from 0 to 255, set the overflow flag TOV0 to 0 and count again from 0 to 255, set the flag to 0 and so on.
As usual, I used LED as output indicator on Port B0
We used 1024 for pre-scaler/divider value. Set the TCCR0B to 0000 0101
Note that we have to reset the overflow flag to 1 after timer count reached 255 (and set the flag to 0).
Oh, by the way, the register/variable/things that count from 0 to 255 is called TCNT0. We didn’t touch it in the code this time, maybe next.
Kadang datang secara tak disangka.
Tak hanya pencerahan relijius seperti Sakti dari Sheila on 7 yang tiba-tiba 'terbangun' saat baca buku "Menjemput Sakaratul Maut ...." di bandara dan majalah Mati Suri di rumah sakit. Kini dia bernama Salman Al Jugjawy.
Saya mengalami pencerahan secara musikal, beberapa kali.
Saya termasuk telat belajar alat musik. Memiliki gitar di akhir kelas satu SMP. Awalnya belajar lagu standart Koes Plus, Iwan Fals. Dangdut populer, belajar karena ikut ekstrakurikuler band musik, manggung di tempat-tempat yang menginginkan lagu dangdut. Tembang kenangan malam-malam di radio.
Saat SMU saya "Naik tingkat". Boomerang, Jamrud, Padi, Dewa19, Sheila On 7, Slank dan musik-musik populer di radio jadi sasaran.
Lagi,di akhir SMU mengenal underground music. Pernah sampai diusir yang punya "studio" karena "gak niat", "ngrusak drum", "bikin sakit kuping", "liriknya gak bisa didengarkan", "bahasa apa itu?". Cuma lagu Derek yang easy listening, yang kedua adalah Bendera Kuning (kayak gitu easy listening? Yup, dibanding yang lain, ;) )
Sound gitar suka yang berdistorsi full, masuk akal memang. Efek gitar lebih suka semacam Metal Zone. Semakin djent djent djent semakin keren. Sangat anti dengan efek Overdrive . Tone harus se-treble mungkin. Dan sering frustrasi karena tidak dapat distorsi seperti di fantasi. Paling sulit meniru Eros, ada distorsi tapi nada individual tetap terdengar.
Dan pencerahan itu datang.
Jonathan Ive style, Old Macbook Pro sleep indicator LED.
Using interrupt, fast PWM on ATTiny13A.
Maybe it's just me, but I recently realized that we have a handy feature on ATTiny13A for flip the value of the bit.
so instead of
sbic PINB,0 cbi PINB,0 sbi PINB,0
we could just use
sbi PINB,0
Saving some clocks, :)
Here's the template
.include "../tn13Adef.INC"
.def a=r16
.org $0000 ; startup vector
rjmp onReset
.org $0006 ; compare match vector
rjmp Tim0CompA
onReset:
sbi DDRB,0 ; port B0 as output
ldi a, 0b10000011 ; pwm mode 3
out TCCR0A, a
ldi a, 0b00000101 ; divider /1024
out TCCR0B,a
ldi a, 0b0000100 ; enable compare interrupt
out TIMSK0,a
sei
main:
rjmp main
Tim0CompA:
in a, OCR0A
inc a
out OCR0A,a
reti
Based on my ADC with PWM output program.
The expected result is the old school MacbookPro unibody sleep indicator LED; Sir Jonathan Ive style, :)
The code below resulted on slow to fast to slow to fast... blinking LED
P Rosyid menulis tentang langgam beberapa waktu lalu.
Dan saya juga ingin menulis. Memang lain, ini tentang gendhing jawa. Betapa dulu ketika masih aktif nge-band sering kesulitan menirukan lagu-lagu jawa tertentu. Bukan lagu-lagu semacam Gambang Semarang atau langgam atau Bossanova Jawa; itu relatif mudah.
Lagu-lagu yang memiliki gaya klasik. Lingsir Wengi, Kusumaning Ati,...
Dalam beberapa hal, musik jawa memang lain dibanding dengan musik “standar” saat ini.
Di musik selain jawa. Alat-alat musik ritmis/perkusi digunakan untuk menjaga irama, menghitung ketukan, menandai birama. Entah itu drum, bongo, ketipung, tambourine atau gendang. Mereka memiliki beat tertentu.
It started with this
.include "../tn13Adef.inc"
.org 0000
rjmp reset
.org 0003
rjmp timer
reset:
sbi ddrb,0
ldi r16,0b00000101
out tccr0b,r16
ldi r16,0b00000010
out timsk0,r16
sei
loop:
ldi r16,(1<
ATTiny is ... well, tiny. Not very suitable to programed it on arduino. Nevertheless, I decided to do it.
Create ‘hardware’ folder in Arduino sketch folder, unzip the file.
Download the Smeezekitty core, http://sourceforge.net/projects/ard-core13/files/latest/download
Well, a picture is worth thousand words.
So, here the millions words for you, :)
Didn't really remember the chronology. It use Parallel Desktop. It use VirtualBox too.
Since we need to set the baud rate. We have to use either manual delay or timer interrupt.
For now, I am trying using manual delay.
To send bit data, we need 10 bit.
0(start)-8bit-1(stop) so r17 now has value 10
.include "../tn13Adef.inc"
.cseg
.org 0x00
rjmp start
start:
ldi r16, 0x6D
ldi r17, 10
shiftData:
cpi r17, 10
breq low
cpi r17, 1
breq high
lsr r16
brcs high
low:
cbi PORTB, PB0
rjmp sent
high:
sbi PORTB, PB0
sent:
dec r17
breq start
rjmp shiftData
ATTiny didn't come with TX/RX Pins, so I have to make it by myself.
Got it from http://www.bot-thoughts.com/2012/12/attiny-software-serial-tx-in-assembly.html
Slightly modify it because avra didn’t compile it original source
.include "../tn13Adef.inc" ; definitions for ATtiny13A
.cseg
.org 0x00
rjmp start ; executed after reset
start:
ldi r16, 0x6D ; 'm'
ldi r17, 8 ; put 8 in counter register
txloop:
lsr r16 ; shift off the next bit, LSB first
brcs Send1 ; if it is 1 (C=1) then send 1
Send0:
cbi PORTB, PB0 ; send a 0=low
rjmp BitDone
Send1:
sbi PORTB, PB0 ; send a 1=high
BitDone:
dec r17 ; bitcnt--
breq start ; if bitcnt == 0, start over
rjmp txloop ; else do the next bit
Ujian pertama KBK Elektronika dan Instrumentasi Fisika
Sangat langka memang, dan dapat hadiah uang dari P Samsul, :)
Yep, here we are. I use pin B3 as ADC input, and B0 as output. The delay's vary; depend on r16 value, which is ADC value. Since the output's in PWM mode, if we connect LED to B0, the brightness is vary too.
.include "../tn13Adef.INC"
.org $0000
init: ;prescaler 50-200KHz, sys clock 1.2MHz
ldi r16,0b11100011 ;[ADEN(ENABLE),ADSC(START),ADATE,ADIF,ADIE,ADPS2,ADPS1,ADPS0]
out ADCSRA,r16 ;start adc
ldi r16,0b00000011 ;r16 = 3
out ADMUX,r16 ;select channel 3 (PORT B3)
sbi PORTB,PORTB3 ;enable pullup
sbi DDRB,0 ;set PORT B0 as output
main:
in r16,ADCL
in r17,ADCH
rcall delay
sbi PINB,0
rjmp main
delay:
dec r16
brne delay
ret
My ATTiny13A LED’s still blinking, but I can’t program it anymore.
Happened to change the header pin of my arduino pro mini from male to female.
Removing the female header is ridiculously tricky and there’s tin residue. Tin sucker (don’t know the proper name) couldn’t remove faster than the time to tin get hard, so theres tin in the hole, here and there...
Here my pro mini after female header's removed
This post’s for self doc only. Went to work full day, furiously, in front of My Mac, from Saturday morning to about 7 pm because of single line of warning.
avrdude: warning: cannot set sck period. please check for usbasp firmware update.
Yeah, maybe it’s not worth my time but still...
Anyway, I use my arduino Nano as ISP programmer, to upload the new firmware to USBASP.
On Arduino IDE, open file, example, ArduinoISP.
Compile it.
Pagi ini.
Bangun Tidur.
Lapar.
Ups, harus masak sendiri, Alfa Beta dan istri sedang liburan.
Matikan rice cooker/warmer, buang sisa nasi yang hampir kering karena lupa sebelum tidur gak kucabut stop kontaknya. Cuci wadah beras, tambahkan beras, beres.
Eit, jangan lupa pasang saklar di posisi cook, nah itu dia, led berwarna orange.
Sambil nunggu nasi matang, bikin lauk dulu.
Kulkas kosong, ehm
Sudah lama tak bersepeda pancal. Turun ke pasar kaget di daerah pabrik bawah sana sekitar tiga kilo.
After read the ATtiny13A datasheet, I use the code below as the base. Under OS X in my Macbook Air. Using USBASP programmer.
.include "../tn13Adef.inc"
;Pin assignments
;.equ LED = PB0 ;pin 5 of ATtiny13
.cseg
.org 0x00
rjmp setup
setup:
;CONFIGURE I/O PINS
ldi r16, (1 << PB0)
out PORTB, r16
out DDRB, r16
loop:
rjmp loop
Compile, build and upload it
Satu langkah (lyrics)
Telah kulakuan semua
Semua tuk mendekatimu
Telah kucoba segala
Cara tuk cari atensimu
Ingin setiap kata terucap
Kau ucapkan kepadaku
Kemana kau ingin berjalan
S’lalu berjalan disisiku
Hari ini dia sangat pengertian, menggemboskan ban belakang kiri di garasi, pagi hari, saat akan mengantar Alfa Beta dan ibuknya ke Kediri. Memang sempat ngedumel “duh, ngapain sih rodamu pake kempes segala”. Tapi bersyukur juga. Bayangkan jika dia memutuskan ntuk membocorkan roda di jalur antara Malang-Kediri, jalur yang terkenal macet saat libur.
Jadilah paksa dia keluar garasi karena memang sempit, Alfa sempat heboh minta naik, dikira sudah mau berangkat. Saat tahu kalo si Asti pincang dia malah kegirangan “ loh, mobil merah-nya gembos ayah, …” trus lari masuk rumah tuk laporan ibuknya yang sedang mandikan Beta.
Sementara pake ban serep dulu deh, buka bagasi, keluarkan ban serep dan “Ouch…”, kena salah satu kawat yang mencuat dar salah satu sudutnya, yeah, namanya juga ban cadangan, :)
Masalah baru, ban serepnya juga empes, walah….
vAVRdisasm is an 8-bit Atmel AVR firmware disassembler.
According to its site, this single-pass disassembler can read Atmel Generic, Intel HEX8, and Motorola S-Record formatted files containing valid AVR program binaries.
I compile it without problem on my Macbook Air running OS X Yosemite. Simply by typing
make
and there it is, the binary is created. Copied it to my /usr/local/bin (or whatever you want, copy it to Desktop, or even use it as is in the download folder, in its source directory )
Selamat Datang (Sheila On 7)
Ini lagumu
yang kutuliskan
untuk temani
dimanapun kau.
Tetap semangat
jadi dewasa
seperti yang kamu impikan.
Here the assembler version
I use file coba.s
.include "tn13Adef.inc"
.def temp = R16
//Pin assignments
.equ LED = PB0 ;pin 5 of ATtiny13
.cseg
.org 0x00
rjmp setup
setup:
//CONFIGURE I/O PINS
ldi temp, (1 << LED)
out PORTB, temp
out DDRB,temp
loop:
rjmp loop
Nugrohos-MacBook-Air:ATTiny13A nugroho$ ls coba.s Nugrohos-MacBook-Air:ATTiny13A nugroho$ avr-as -mmcu=attiny13A -o coba.out coba.s coba.s: Assembler messages: coba.s:1: Error: can't open tn13Adef.inc for reading: No such file or directory coba.s:2: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.def' coba.s:3: Error: junk at end of line, first unrecognized character is `/' coba.s:4: Error: expected comma after "LED" coba.s:5: Error: unknown pseudo-op: `.cseg' coba.s:9: Error: junk at end of line, first unrecognized character is `/' coba.s:10: Error: constant value required coba.s:10: Error: register number above 15 required coba.s:11: Error: constant value required coba.s:11: Error: constant value required coba.s:12: Error: constant value required coba.s:12: Error: constant value required
Oops, it needs tn13Adef.inc. Fortunately I have that on avrasm2 (it for windows for sure, but the include directory have a bunch of def files we need), copy that to the coba.s folder.
After several success attempt with arduino mini and nano (both using ATMega328), I’m curious about programming some chip in assembler. Yeah, I know we could use arduino board to do it. But I prefer to do it the “right way”, as pure assembler novice, :)
So I grab the 1$ ATTiny13A and 2$ USBASP knockoff. Almost forgot the second as I think I already have one used on my Arduino Pro Mini (no, it’s USB-to-TTL, PL2303HX, only have vcc-gnd-tx-rx pins, completely different device).
Turn out that my ‘other’ have some use in my system (my usbasp couldnt provide 5v power, atleast at my system, so I use usb-to-ttl instead)
USBASP already detected on My Macbook Air, so no driver needed, :)
Canggung
Melupakan tak akan mudah
Walau kau telah yakin merelakan
Lihat nanti lihat sendiri
saat waktu yang ditentukan datang
Saat bertemu lagi yang tlah hilang
Tahukah betapa canggungnya tingkahku
Kau beri ku lagi senyuman mautmu
Kau masih sama cantik seperti dulu
Seperti dulu
Menyapamu di keramaian
Bersikap semua terkendalikan
Atur nafas atur irama
dan memberimu sedikit senyuman
Seandainya bisa aku katakan
Tahukah betapa canggungnya tingkahku
Kau beri ku lagi senyuman mautmu
Kau masih sama cantik seperti dulu
Seperti dulu
Melanjutkan langkah
yang terhenti olehmu
Jiwaku tertinggal
tapi tak kuhiraukan
Tahukah betapa canggungnya tingkahku
Kau beriku lagi senyuman mautmu
Kau masih sama cantik seperti dulu
seperti dulu
Aku tak mau tahu perasaanmu
Karna tak merubah kagumku padamu
Akan kuakhiri saja lagu ini
Lagu ini
Rembulan antara purnama dan separo akhir.
Alfa tetap menyebut sebagai bulan purnama kalo pagi-pagi kuantar ke rumah budhe, gandeng tangan kiriku, belum mandi, sambil ditambah "bulan purnama-nya dimakan jerapah", yeah, kebanyakan lihat Gazoon.
Beta, sudah mandi, ikut-ikutan mas-nya, tapi belum cukup fasih bicara tuk melafalkan bulan purnama, jadinya dia baru bisa bilang " hua.. mama.." sambil lepas gandengan tangan kanan ayahnya dan segera minta gendong, tujuannya agar bisa dadah bulan sambil maksa narik tangan ayahnya tuk ikut dadah juga " dadah, hua...".
Dia ingat kebiasaan mas-nya yang selalu menyapa dengan dadah kalo lihat bulan sabit sore hari di barat atau pagi hari di timur, setelah bangun tidur, sambil nunggu pus berwarna calico entah punya siapa yang selalu menyapa Beta tiap jam lima pagi dan berlalu setelah beta nongol dari pintu garasi.
Eh iya, si calico punya anak tiga, dan salah satunya ikut kebiasaan induknya manggil-manggil Beta tiap jam lima pagi. Bahkan sering kulihat satu anak si calico ini, yang juga berwarna calico, tidur di keset depan rumah. Sampai-sampai Alfa, kalo ketemu si calico kecil, mulai bilang "loh ada pus kecil punya adik Kinan". Kalo kutanya "lha yang besar punya siapa", dia langsung mengklaim "punya mas Yayan", :)
Ada apa dengan musik Sheila On 7?
Ingat lagu Dan di album pertama? Lagu yang sederhana dengan akord/kunci standar. Tapi banyak yang kesulitan meniru sound yang khas di lagu itu. Beberapa tahun berikutnya, setelah beberapa kali melihat performance live mereka, baru sadar bahwa Anton tidak memukul hihat di separuh pertama lagu, dia memukul floor Tom. Itu yang membuat suara khas intro Dan, juga membuat seakan-akan tempo setengah lagu lebih lambat dari paruh berikutnya yang tiba-tiba sekan jadi lebih cepat (padahal tetap sama) dan jadi lebih segar (Anton mulai menggunakan HiHat).
I add the code from previous project so it could read analog sensor from pin A0 and display it on second row LCD.
I use a potentiometer to emulate the sensor.
So as result, this ATMEGA328 based device could:
- read digital sensor from pin 7, display it on second rowLCD
- if pin 7 is high, LED connected to pin 10 will turned on, otherwise it'll turned off
- communicate via bluetooth using dedicated serial port (RX= 8 , TX = 9)
- write any string sent from bluetooth to first row LCD
- read string length sent from bluetooth, display it on second row LCD.
- embedded LED connected to pin 13 is on if there's bluetooth serial communication
All I have to do is open the mini (micro?) amp obviously. There's four screw to open.
The board is secured by three knobs and jack at the front so we have to screw it out as well.
After the board is exposed ( :) ), locate the resistors labeled R1, and R4, replace with wire or just create jumper on it.
(There's mod for more gain on Marshall and others forum [more jumper and replace the value of some resistor and caps to get higher treble and remove some noisy high freq] but I don't need gain that much [or that tone] for my bluesy sound, maybe later. For now, I'm pleased with the original Marshall MS-2 tone :) )
The Marshall characteristic that I didn't like (but I used it anyway) is we have to crank the gain up to have an overdriven sound. But that means we have a high volume out from amp.
If we want to practice with full gain in the middle of the night at the normal bedroom (not sound-proof-ed), we could add a 5k potentiometer before speaker (of course we have to cut speaker positive wire) and we could practice in full gain but lower volume.
